enumeration |
Allocation - market value |
Market-value based partitioning of the input and output flows of multi-functional processes to the function (i.e. good or service) of the
product system under study.
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enumeration |
Allocation - gross calorific value |
Gross calorific value based partitioning of the input and output flows of multi-functional processes to the good of the product system under
study.
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enumeration |
Allocation - net calorific value |
Net (lower) calorific value based partitioning of the input and output flows of multi-functional processes to the good of the product system
under study.
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enumeration |
Allocation - exergetic content |
Exergetic content based partitioning of the input and output flows of multi-functional processes to the good of the product system under
study.
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enumeration |
Allocation - element content |
Chemical element content based partitioning of the input and output flows of multi-functional processes to the good of the product system
under study. One specific chemical element is chosen for allocation. Additional information is given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches /
explanations".
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enumeration |
Allocation - mass |
Mass based partitioning of the input and output flows of multi-functional processes to the good of the product system under
study.
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enumeration |
Allocation - volume |
Volume based partitioning of the input and output flows of multi-functional processes to the good of the product system under
study.
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enumeration |
Allocation - ability to bear |
Partitioning of the input and output flows of multi-functional processes to the function (i.e. good or service) of the product system under
study, according to the assumed ability of that product to bear the environmental burden under market competitiveness conditions. Additional information is
given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations". [Note: Also here the sum of burdens of all co-functions together is to be 100% of the total
burden.]
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enumeration |
Allocation - marginal causality |
Partitioning of all INDIVIDUAL input or output flows of multi-functional processes to the function of the product system under study,
according to the marginal causality that small changes of the relative amounts of the co-functions have on the amount of the respective individual input or
output flow. Additional information/details are given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations". E.g. (illustrative, virtual example):
Dioxin emissions of a mixed waste incineration process are allocated proportionally to the carbon and chlorine content of the different wastes, according to
the marginal changes in Dioxin emissions that result from a marginal/small change in the carbon and chlorine composition of the incinerated mixed
waste.
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enumeration |
Allocation - physical causality |
Partitioning of all INDIVIDUAL input or output flows of multi-functional processes to the function of the product system under study,
according to the physical causality that the co-functions have on the amount of the respective individual input or output flow. Additional
information/details are given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations". E.g. (illustrative, virtual example): all energy carrier input is
allocated 100% to the only energy-containing co-product, while the non-energy containing, second Chromium-containing co-product receives 100% of the
Chromium emissions and Chromium resource elementary flows.
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enumeration |
Allocation - 100% to main function |
One user-defined and justified main function of the multi-functional processes is allocated 100% of all other input and output flows. Other
co-functions are hence free of burden.
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enumeration |
Allocation - other explicit assignment |
The individual input or output flows of multi-functional processes are assigned to the co-functions based on other criteria than those listed
under the other "Allocation - ..." criteria. Additional information is given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations".
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enumeration |
Allocation - equal distribution |
All functions of a multi-functional process carry the same share of the other input or output flows. Independent of mass or other properties
of products or educts, only the number of functions is considered (e.g. service output 1 receives 50% of the burdens, service 2 receives 50% of the
burdens).
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enumeration |
Substitution - BAT |
Those function(s) of multi-functional processes that are not part of the product system under study are substituted by "Avoided product
system(s)", i.e. by the inverted or negative LCI result of the respective function(s). The "Avoided product system" is modelled as "Best available
technology" (BAT). Additional information on the used BAT technologies used is given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches /
explanations".
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enumeration |
Substitution - average, market price correction |
Those function(s) of multi-functional processes that are not part of the product system under study are substituted by "Avoided product
system(s)", i.e. by the inverted or negative LCI result of the respective function(s). The "Avoided product system" is modelled as average market mix of
production, with a market price correction for different market values of the substituted product system. Additional information is given in "Deviations
from LCI method approaches / explanations".
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enumeration |
Substitution - average, technical properties correction |
Those function(s) of multi-functional processes that are not part of the product system under study are substituted by "Avoided product
system(s)", i.e. by the inverted or negative LCI result of the respective function(s). The "Avoided product system" is modelled as average market mix of
production, with correction for different technical properties (e.g. fibre length, tensile stength, etc.) of the substituted product system. Additional
information is given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations".
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enumeration |
Allocation - recycled content |
End-of-life products and wastes are cut-off in so far as recyclable materials and energy contents are handed over free of burden to subsequent
uses/product systems, which however carry the burden of the recycling and related activities, transport etc. The amount of secondary materials and energy
input into the first product system is modelled as is the content amount of these secondary resources in the product. Additional information is given in
"Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations".
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enumeration |
Substitution - recycling potential |
End-of-life products and wastes are modelled to the secondary materials and recovered energy, which replace the respective primary production.
The burden of the recycling and related activities, transport etc. are carried by the first product system. The substitution of primary production according
to the first products recycling potential is typically corrected by the (lower) market price or technical quality of the secondary materials/energy
carriers, if applicable. Additional information is given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations".
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enumeration |
Substitution - average, no correction |
Those function(s) of multi-functional processes that are not part of the product system under study are substituted by "Avoided product
system(s)", i.e. by the inverted or negative LCI result of the respective function(s). The "Avoided product system" is modelled as average market mix of
production, without any correction factor of the substituted product system. Additional information is given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches /
explanations".
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enumeration |
Substitution - specific |
Those function(s) of multi-functional processes that are not part of the product system under study are substituted by "Avoided product
system(s)", i.e. by the inverted or negative LCI result of the respective function(s). The "Avoided product system" is modelled as a specific product or
process, that is found to be replaced. Additional information is given in "Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations".
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enumeration |
Consequential effects - other |
The Product system is modelled considering other or additional consequences in the economy, such as e.g. consumption or behavioral changes, or
other effects even on other product systems that are not part of the one under study. Additional information is given in "Deviations from LCI method
approaches / explanations".
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enumeration |
Not applicable |
Process without multi-functionality or product system without any multi-functional process included.
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enumeration |
Other |
Another LCI method approach is used. This is named in "Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations" where also additional information
is given.
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